Objective To investigate the change of receptor for advanced glycation and products(RAGE) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1(LRP-1) in rats’ brain under the condition of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Methods Chronic cerebral blood hypoperfusion rat model made by bilateral common carotid artery permanent ligation was used, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were employed to test the distribution and levels of RAGE and LRP-1 in cortex and hippocampus. Results Compared to controls, the immunoreactivity of RAGE was increased in microvascular endothelium from 10 days after hypoperfusion and decreased in neurons from 30 days after hypoperfusion in cortex and hippocampus, whereas the expression of LRP-1 was decreased in endothelium and increased in neurons. Western blotting results showed that levels of RAGE in cortex and hippocampus began to increase from 10 days after hypoperfusion significantly, while LRP-1 was significantly increased from 180 days after hypoperfusion. Conclusion Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion could lead to the changes of distribution of RAGE and LRP-1 between neuron and microvascular and increased expression of both protein, which implies that chronic cerebral hypoperfusion may play a very important role in early pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).